Kelime Bilgisi Sorusu #10020

Until the late 1970s, oceanographers believed that sunlight was an absolute (I)---- for sustaining macroscopic life on Earth. However, the discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents along mid-ocean ridges shattered this assumption. In these volcanic fissures, water reaching temperatures above 350°C spews forth, laden with dissolved minerals and hydrogen sulfide. Instead of relying on solar energy, specialized bacteria (II)---- sulfur compounds to generate cellular glucose. These microorganisms thrive in symbiosis with giant tube worms and vent crabs, (III)---- an entire food web independent of solar radiation. The sheer resilience of these organisms has led astrophysicists to hypothesize that life could (IV)---- exist under the icy crusts of Jovian moons like Europa, (V)---- geothermal activity warms subsurface oceans.