Okuma AnlamaSoru #11472
Illuminating the Deep Ocean
In the pitch-black abyss of the deep ocean, where sunlight never penetrates, bioluminescence is the dominant mode of visual communication. Over seventy percent of all deep-sea species—ranging from gelatinous siphonophores to predatory anglerfish—possess the ability to generate living light. Unlike human incandescent lighting, which wastes ninety percent of its energy as thermal radiation, bioluminescence is remarkably cold, converting nearly all chemical energy directly into photons via the oxidation of luciferin catalyzed by the luciferase enzyme. Creatures exploit this luminescence for sophisticated behavioral functions: deep-sea anglerfish dangle glowing bioluminescent lures to entice unsuspecting prey directly toward their jaws, while hatchetfish emit downward-directed blue light from ventral photophores to match downwelling sunlight, effectively cloaking their silhouettes from apex predators below. The hatchetfish uses its ventral photophores to ----.
- A)signal its position to deep-sea fishing commercial vessels
- B)blind incoming schools of herring before attacking them
- C)blend into ambient downwelling light and conceal its silhouette from predators beneath it
- D)heat freezing ocean currents during winter migrations
- E)communicate with terrestrial birds flying over the sea
Cevabı ve çözümü göster
Doğru cevap: C) blend into ambient downwelling light and conceal its silhouette from predators beneath it
Çözüm: Metinde balta balığının (hatchetfish) göbeğindeki fotoforlardan aşağıya doğru mavi ışık yayarak yukarından sızan ışıkla siluetini eşleştirip aşağıdaki avcılardan gizlendiği (karşı aydınlatma kamuflajı) anlatılır. Doğru cevap C'dir.