Okuma AnlamaSoru #9350
Synthetic Biology and Engineered Enzymes
Synthetic biology represents a revolutionary paradigm shift from merely observing biological systems to actively designing and programming them from the ground up. By utilizing artificial intelligence tools such as AlphaFold to predict three-dimensional protein structures with atomic accuracy, bioengineers can now design de novo enzymes that have no evolutionary precedents in nature. One of the most promising applications of these custom catalysts is the rapid breakdown of persistent synthetic pollutants, particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics, into non-toxic organic monomers within hours rather than centuries. Additionally, engineered microbial strains are being programmed to synthesize critical pharmaceutical compounds, bio-jet fuels, and nitrogen-fixing agricultural fertilizers directly from atmospheric carbon dioxide. However, this immense technological capability raises profound biosecurity and ethical questions regarding accidental ecological release and the synthetic creation of novel pathogens. According to the passage, the primary advantage of combining AI with synthetic biology is that it allows researchers to ----.
- A)produce fossil petroleum fuels at significantly lower manufacturing expenses
- B)eliminate the need for physical laboratory experiments and clinical trials
- C)completely ban the commercial production of synthetic plastic materials
- D)prevent all future bacterial and viral mutations across agricultural crops
- E)design entirely new enzymes with precise functions that do not naturally exist
Cevabı ve çözümü göster
Doğru cevap: E) design entirely new enzymes with precise functions that do not naturally exist
Çözüm: Metinde yapay zeka araçları sayesinde doğada daha önce hiç var olmamış sıfırdan enzimlerin (de novo enzymes with no evolutionary precedents) atomik hassasiyetle tasarlanabildiği belirtilmiştir. Doğru cevap E'dir.